Weather+and+History

__**Weather and History**__

This is a magazine that predicts the weather for a full year at a time. It also has recipes, calenders, gardening, and even something for kids! __**Salem Witch Trials**__ The weather can affect people's lives due to that they were accused to be changing the weather. Witchcraft talk was huge during the 15th-17th centuries. This era is known to be called the "little ice age", being popular in south and central Europe. Being charged with weather control
 * __Farmer's Almanac__ **

**__Civil War Camp Sumter Prisoners Saved by a Storm __**
600,000 Americans died in the civil war (more than any other armed conflict). As with many wars, much of the suffering took place off the field of battle as soldiers starved and died of illness. Nowhere was this more true than in prisoner of war camps, the site of 10% of the Civil War’s deaths. The most notorious of the Civil War camps was Camp Sumter near Andersonville, Georgia. Built to hold 9,000 prisoners, the 16.5 acre site was chosen in 1863 because of its remote location and abundant food sources. As the war was reaching its climax, Camp Sumter packed more than 30,000 men into the space designed for a third as many. The Stockade Branch, which provided the only water for the inmates, was backed up by the stockade’s pilings. It became a putrid cesspool polluted with grease from a cookhouse upstream, the waste water of laundry and human excrement. Those who drank the water were as likely to kill themselves with dysentery and diarrhea as to quench their thirst. Then one night downpour caused the Stockade Branch to overflow with such ferocity that it washed away much of the camp’s foul waste. Several bolts of lightning struck near the prison, including one that hit a pine stump inside the stockade. At the base of the lightning-charred stump, a spring of fresh water emerged. The source was most likely a local spring that had been covered over during the construction of the camp, which the storm liberated. It came to be known as Providence Spring.



**__The Red Sky in Edvard Munch's 'The Scream' Painting __**


**__The Demise of the Hindenburg Blamed on Weather __**
Back in the 1920s and 30s, dirigibles looked like the transportation of the future. Yet the era of the airship ended abruptly on May 6, 1937, when the Hindenburg burst into flames during a landing at Lakehurst, New Jersey. For years it was assumed that the craft was destroyed by a hydrogen explosion. More resent research suggests that the Hindenburg was a victim of ordinary rain clouds. Crucial to the craft's fate would be the choice of a coating for its skin. It was made of iron oxide covered with cellulose acetate, which was designed to protect it from moisture. The highly flammable mixture was practically identical to rocket fuel. As if to ensure it would burn, the paint that covered the acetate was stiffened with powdered aluminum, which is also highly combustible. As it came in for a landing in Lakehurst, New Jersey, the ship, which was already delayed due to headwinds over Newfoundland, was unable to dock because of the stormy weather. It circled the airport for more than an hour waiting for the weather to clear. As the Hindenburg passed through rain clouds, the craft became negatively charged. When the crew dropped the wet lines to dock, they acted as a ground. When the metal frame of the ship earthed its charge, the skin heated up and the highly flammable coating ignited. Within ten seconds most of the ship was ablaze, by the time 34 seconds had passed, the mighty Hindenburg was a burning mass on the ground. __**Easter changes **__ This is a 19 year cycle. "Easter is always celebrated on the Sunday immediately following the first full moon after the vernal (spring) equinox." This statement was true prior to 325 AD; however, over the course of history (beginning in 325 AD with the Council of Nicea), the Western Church decided to established a more standardized system for determining the date of Easter. This holiday is always celebrated the Sunday after the Paschal Full Moon. The date of this Paschal Full Moon is determined by historical dates. **__ Sunshine over Hiroshima __** August 6th, 1945 7:09 A.M., a weather reconnaissance plane passed overhead and radioed back: //e// Cloud cover less than three-tenths. Advice: bomb primary.e That is, the sky was clear enough to drop the first nuclear weapon used in war. The lack of cloud cover sealed Hiroshima's fate, and spared the back-up target. Even more dramatic was the effect of cloud cover on Kokura. On Aug. 8, the second nuclear weapon was loaded into a B-29 called Bockes Car. But the skies were overcast over the primary target, Kokura. Instead, the bomb was released over the backup target.  __** Sources: **__ http://weather.about.com/od/meteorologyandsociety/ss/weatherhistory_2.htm http://weather.about.com/od/meteorologyandsociety/ss/weatherhistory_5.htm http://weather.about.com/od/meteorologyandsociety/ss/weatherhistory_6.htm http://weather.about.com/od/meteorologyandsociety/ss/weatherhistory_8.htm http://christianity.about.com/od/faqhelpdesk/qt/whyeasterchange.htm http://www.livescience.com/history/top10_weather_history-1.html http://www.miracleminds.org/2006_old_farmers_almanac-327x480.jpg http://jw3183.k12.sd.us/Event/SalemWitchTrial-e.jpg http://www.flatrock.org.nz/topics/flying/assets/hindenburg.jpg http://www.funfacts.com.au/userimages/user2031_1175907092.jpg http://students.umf.maine.edu/~donoghtp/hiroshima4.jpg http://www.cfo.doe.gov/me70/manhattan/images/HiroshimaCloud.gif

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